Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Organisations Essay

Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Organisations - Essay ExampleExplanations of corporate growth and development, and of the organizations world power to maximise profitability over time open increasingly relied on the entrepreneurial function (Greiner, 1972). Simply defined, an entrepreneur is someone who organizes and assumes the risk of a air in return for the profits. Entrepreneurial success depends on the ability to think strategically, have a dupe strategic vision, and achieve quick results. The meaning of entrepreneurship is bound up with the concept of uncertainty. Entrepreneurs create value by acting in the context of uncertainty. As Knight (1921) puts it, the entrepreneur is the organizer of uncertainties, which means he possesses the ability to creatively reorganize the relationships between factors of production and market opportunities in ways that create value which other than would not have been generated.The ability to organize wealth-generating relationships betw een factors of production presupposes that a market opportunity exists for the entrepreneur to capture. This gives rise to the concept of the entrepreneur as being noticer of opportunity (Kirzner, 1973). Entrepreneurial behaviour is, thus, described as action taken on noticed opportunities. Markets be almost always in disequilibrium and based on price disparity and information asymmetry, there always exists opportunity for arbitrage. This opportunity, however, only generates value for the noticing entrepreneur. It can be deduced that value is generated not only by an entrepreneur who is organizer of uncertainties, but also by the entrepreneur who is noticer of opportunities (Jones & Butler, 1992). In entrepreneurship, once an opportunity has been acted upon, a series of internal forces begin to interfere in the entrepreneurial process. A distinction arises between entrepreneurship and management in the firm, leading to agency chores. The agency problem occurs when it is strong fo r one party to evaluate the performance of the other due to uncertainty in environmental, organizational, or initiate conditions. Moreover, the motives of the parties to an exchange may be assorted giving rise to opportunism and, in turn, agency problem (Jones & Butler, 1992). In the entrepreneurial context, risk preferences cause an agency problem because the principal and agent have different risk preferences. Agency theory elaborates on the different risk preferences by discussing risk aversion of agents stating that the agents are only rewarded normal salary even though they have to bear the uncertainty of entrepreneurial activities. On the other hand, the principal is the residual claimant of all net revenues of the activities. The reward to the principal is the entrepreneurial profit for undertaking uncertainty whereas the reward to the agent is normal salary for risk taking. This disparity in reward organise gives rise to agency problem where agents have no fillip to beh ave entrepreneurial (Jones & Butler, 1992).Agents face an additional problem if they have injected any capital in the organization. This is because if the organization engages in a risky move and faces bankruptcy, the agents lose their capital and have difficulty in securing equivalent alternative employment. Therefore, there is no incentive for agents to invest in the organization. This causes a misalignment of interests of principals or entrepreneurs and agents or managers and results in a loss in a firms

Diabetes and its affect on the workplace Research Paper - 1

Diabetes and its affect on the meltplace - Research Paper ExampleProductivity costs are those linked to the loss of Production, replacing sick workers, disability and the death of productive individuals. A report by The Institute of Medicine of the United States in 2010 indicated that the yearly value of lost Productivity was in the spew of 297.4 to 335.5 billion dollars.11.6 to12.7 billion dollars was lost in work missed, 95.2 to 96.5 billion dollars in hours of work lost and 190.6 to 226.3 billion dollars in lower wages (Harder, 2013).Those obtaining from diabetes are more frequently absent from and work for less hours. They are more likely to lose over two hours per week. Absenteeism peaks with age but varies by demographic group (Harder, 2013). Presenteeism refers to being present at work but performing inefficiently. Those with diabetes have higher presenteeism rates. Diabetes and connect complications often lead to disability and even death, robbing the nation of skilled workers and reducing productivity levels. Diabetes victims often cube working, prefer part time work or are tot on the wholey unemployed. When they work they are victims of work limitations either personally or by their Supervisors (Matthews, Meston, Dyson, Shaw, King and Aparna 2008).Productivity costs include unplanned absence from work, permanent disability death before the age of retirement. Death and disability have greater confirming productivity costs. closely studies use the minimum wage as the base of productivity hours lost nonetheless many diabetic workers earn above the minimum wage. Diabetes statistics reflect a Gender and Racial bias. Most victims tend to be male, single, African-American or non Hispanic, less wealthy, less educated and are likely to suffer from chronic health conditions. Studies reveal that diabetes is more prevalent in men than women in across all age brackets.Figures from 2008 and 2009 breakdown the percentages of diagnosed diabetes by race as follows, Hispanic whites

MGT599 MoD 2 SLP Assignment External Environment Analysis Essay

MGT599 MoD 2 SLP Assignment External Environment Analysis - Essay ExampleFurthermore, Hazard Analysis Critical wangle Point (HACCP) regulations are in addition introduced by the Food Standard Agency in order to resistance the food products through proper analysis and evaluation of biological, chemical and physical risk arising at the beat of developing or manufacturing it (Food Standard Agency, 2011a). This law is introduced in order to protect the food product from procurement of appropriate crude(a) materials, handling, manufacturing and ultimately selling or consumption, by target customers. Therefore, by procuring proper raw materials, high quality of ingredients might be erected to the customers, so as to reduce the intensity of obesity or any other harmful disorder. This regulation acts as an opportunity for the kraft food group as it might prove effective in attracting a wide range of customers towards the brand. By improvement in the range of customers, the profitabil ity and brand value of the Kraft food group may get amplified in the market among other rival players.Economic The economic factors such as consumer spending, disposable income, inflation, unemployment etc might offer significant impact over the institution offering food products. The recent economic downturn of 2007-2008 created vast changes over the food retail industry. This crisis also offers negative impact over the buying behavior of the customer, collect to lack of disposable income. As the rate of unemployment increases the rate of per capita income of the customers decreases significantly and so their buying behavior also gets hindered significantly (Mintel Group Ltd, 2009). Therefore, due to reduction of the buying behavior, the rate of total sale and profitability of the organization reduces that hinders its total revenue and market share. Thus, such type of economic impacts acts as a threat for the Kraft food group as it decreased its total sale and profitability in t he

Use of Skeleton Steel Frame Structure On New Factory Essay

Use of Skeleton Steel course Structure On New Factory - Essay ExampleThe instance offers the advantage of treating wooden materials rather of the stigma materials. As result, it avoids heavy expenses involved in building and construction process (Ward, 2008).Assemblage of steel materials is very efficient and faster since manufacturers of the materials design them in a manner that they just fix and get in touch with each other. As result, it saves time of redesigning the joints for the materials.Unlike wooden materials used in building, steel materials have a high degree of accuracy. For instance, their edges once measured and cut according to the specifications wanted, do not always plunder off unlike wood or plastic materials (Ward, 2008).Steel structures have their versatility feature that gives the architectures the choice to take a leak most of their objectives during building and construction process. For instance, steel forms an important building material in stadia, sho pping structures, mercantile buildings, steel cladding systems, landmark structures, and other possible areas that steel can provide the best excerption in constructing it (Ward, 2008).Since steel is strong and durable, it, in this case, emerges as one of the sustainable construction materials. It is also possible to reprocess steel materials and as a result making it enhances sustainability in building and construction (Ward, 2008).Steel structures also offer to the manufactures its choice of flexibility. In this case, steel becomes advantageous to manufacturers due its lightweight, open and the airy spaces. As a result, it makes possible for the steel to withstand disturbances with little costs incurred in its maintenance.Protection of steel against fire involves victimization the passive fire protection method. The method facilitates the insulation of the structures from the effects of high temperatures from the fire. However, passive method involves deuce types on

Should smoking be banned in public places Essay

Should sess be banned in public places - Essay Example in that location are studies to prove this case. Even though there are no laws that prohibit smokers from gage, the places where rump sess should be allowed can be regulated. Banning cigarette smoking in public places will do a lot in preventing illnesses caused by passive smoke.Smoking as a habit has been virtually for a long time now, and it has been regarded as both a bad habit and symbol of status. Up until the nineteenth century, cigar-smoking was almost exclusively make by socially elite males. Cigarettes were actually derived from cigars as they were essentially tobacco residues which were swept and collected and later on smoked by poor people. Cigarette smoking then became ordinary in the 1880s, with the advent of cigarette-making machines. Though cigarettes were cheaper and widely available, smoking it was still not popular at that time. Cigarette smoking just became popular World War I when tobacco companies gav e away(predicate) large quantities of cigarettes to American soldiers to boost their morale. Only after this event that Americans were hooked to cigarette smoking (Grannis, n.d.). It was still after a few years of research that people learned of the harmful effects of cigarette smoking. One of the Surgeon Generals findings was cigarette smoking was not only harmful to the smoker but alike to the non-smokers (commonly referred to as passive or second-hand smokers) surrounding them. As a result several action groups desire total cigarette bans on shopping malls, theaters and other(a) public places.Bad effects of smoking dissimilar crabmeats were eventually found out to be linked with cigarette smoking. These cancers develop due to the 43 carcinogens and other chemicals found in cigarette smoke, leading to carcinogenesis or the formation of cancer causing cells due to smoking (Burns, 1991). In the 1950s, extensive research about the relationship between lung cancer and cigarette smoking were done in the U.K. and the United States. Findings from these studies showed that smoking and lung cancer were indeed related. Previously, lung cancer was one of the rarest types of cancers in the world. In the 1970s, cases of lung cancer suddenly boomed when cigarette smoking went popular during the period. This sudden increase made lung cancer into one of the deadliest cancers in the world (qtd. From Grannis, n.d.). Lungs are not the only organs in the body that are affected by cigarette smoking. The brain and the rest of the nervous system is also affected by cigarette smoke. The brains cognitive functions which handles the brains capacity for stimuli and attention as well as regulation of automatic body processes such as digestion and breathing is negatively affected by cigarette smoke. This happens when blood containing carcinogens are pumped into the brains bloodstream. Different carcinogens withdraw different physiological effects. For example, nicotine acts upon the brain within 10 seconds, causing an almost instantaneous mood reposition in the user (TheHealthConsequencesofSmoking.. 2005).Independent studies made in the University of Aberdeen and University of Edinburgh investigated the various effects of smoking in the cognitive skills of smokers and non-smokers. The results, published in an issue of New Scientist showed that most smokers fail in five unrelated cognitive tests. Another series of tests

Information Power Inside An Organization Research Paper

tuition Power Inside An Organization - Research melodic theme ExampleIf the information is used as a means of trade, it possesses a great power (Hersey et al., 2001). Information is necessary for shaping an organizational behavior because information is able to create a great enamour on the people in an organization. Many organizations operate out of four major frameworks (Bresnahan et al., 2002). The frameworks include custodial, supportive, dogmatic and collegial. Autocratic the Autocratic model has a radical of power with managerial authority orientation (Anni-Kaisa Khknen, 2010). This model makes the employees to be oriented towards dependence and obedience on the boss (American Association of School Librarian, 1998). The subsistence pick out for the employee is met. The result of performance is thus minimal.Custodial the Custodial model has a managerial money orientation and its basis is economic resources. The employees get an orientation towards benefits and security. Th e employees are also able to depend on the organization (Salancik, 1977). peaceful cooperation is the performance result of this model and it meets the employee need of security. An organization that has this model is referred to as custodial organization (Anni-Kaisa Khknen, 2010). Supportive the Supportive model is in the main concerned with the leadership.The managerial orientation of this model is support. The employee orientation is mainly concerned with the job participation and performance.The supportive model enables the employee need for recognition and status to be met.

Hezbollah's fight with Israel in 2006 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hezbollahs fight with Israel in 2006 - Essay modelingGiven the harsh rhetoric against Israel in the pump East for the past few decades, it may be a matter of time until one of those neighbors develops the support, and the military resources, to invade and devastate the tiny Israeli population as a means of removing the Jewish presence from Jerusalem. This configuration of conflict would ignite the entire Middle East in a struggle against the West, given the support that Israel enjoys from the United States and Europe. Therefore, the 2006 July War was not nevertheless a frightening experience for the parties directly involved, but the whole world. Although Israel received much criticism for its ridiculous hostilities against Hezbollah and Lebanon, one could surely argue that Israel was justified in taking those measures. On July 12, 2006, Hezbollah paramilitary force forces engaged an Israeli patrol on the Israeli side of the border. This left three Israeli soldiers absolute ly and two captured. Ehud Olmert, the Prime Minister of Israel, responded with systematic failings of southeastern Lebanon, which killed far more civilians than Hezbollah fighters. Hezbollah responded to these bombings with unsystematic, indiscriminating missile launches at towns and civilians in northern Israel. One side, the Israelis, endeavored to take a substance Hezbollahs top executive to fight. The other side, Hezbollah, vowed to keep going until Israel stopped its aggression. When the conflict stopped by UN ceasefire on August 14th, more or less 1,000 Lebanese were dead and nearly a million were displaced by the violence. The economies of both countries clearly suffered, especially with the closing of vast infrastructures in Lebanon, which essentially put that country 20 years behind. Through this experience, however, one could certainly argue that Hezbollah was the winner, not Israel, despite the extensive damage done by the Israeli forces to Lebanon. keen that Israel s objective during the July War was to destroy Hezbollahs ability to engage in war and kill Israeli civilians, Israel failed to more than temporarily diminish that ability. The Lebanese people grew to identify with Hezbollah by the experience, partly because they saw Hezbollah as their only protectors against the huge Israel. However, Hezbollah has been reportedly restocked with weapons from Syria and Iran, which means that this kind of conflict could restart at any time in the near future (Tristam, 2006). With Hezbollahs increased support from other countries, it is a dangerous situation right now for Israel, who saw its disposition suffer deeply from the events of the July War. But even though Israels reputation suffered as a moment of its actions in July 2006, one could very well argue, as many Zionists and supporters of Israel have done, that their actions were justified in the way of Hezbollahs initial aggression (Bentov, 2007). Clearly, the killing of Israel soldiers by ano ther military is an act of war. regrettably for Israel, Hezbollah is not a true military in the sense that it has a standing army. Israel indeed targeted their enemy as closely as they could, but failed to achieve the kind of precision that would have realize them victory. Perhaps Israel would have benefited from using tactical forces on the ground, and not using its air force to bomb targets in crowded urban areas. Despite that, it seems Israel was entitled to some

International Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 5

International Marketing - Essay ExampleIt depends upon the quality of manufacturing and distribution of the mathematical harvests and services. In several cases, gross sales and acceptance of products depends on boorish of origin of those products. However, if a products terra firma of Origin is UK then the product should avail high marker preference and guest demand as each and every person around the globe perceives that products of these regions are good in quality equivalence to other global areas. On the other hand, unlike soft touching has an effective impact on the sales and acceptance of products. It is true that several organizations use foreign branding strategy in order to pass significant market growth within the local market place. If an US based perfume manufacturing and distributing organizations develops its brand name in French style then the organization can develop potential customer base around the globe due to that specialized foreign brand name. There are specific types of organizations that do not use local brand name for the home manufactured products. They use foreign brand name in order to attract the attention of target customers towards the product. 8A Difference between murmur and CE The Country of Origin (COO) is explained as the untaught where the product is manufactured in the process of production. The country of origin could be treated as the place of origin of the product or where the growth of the product has occurred before expansion. The country of origin is linked with the issues of product quality, customer service, credibility and loyalty. In case the product information is missing, COO could serve as an important clue for the information on product character and the product performance.... This essay approves that development and image of a brand highly depends upon the country of origin of a product. It is true that all the countries around the globe do not follow similar manufacturing and distribution pr ocess. In addition to this, similar types of products of various countries s cannot be similar in terms of quality and service. The manufacturing perseverance in UK could be cited as an example that could take advantage of the aspect of customer ethnocentrism. The manufacturing industry in UK has slowed down after the global financial recession and is trailing in the list of developed countries across the world like USA, Japan, Germany, France and Italy. This is due to the weakness of major infrastructural facilities like the availability of labour, finance, etc. The high represent of labour, tightened parameter for lending would create shortage of source of finance. The higher cost and lesser volume of products would to a fault urge the customers to look for alternative options. This report makes a conclusion that the topics that nurture been considered for the purpose of presentation have been studied and analyzed as given above. The various questions related to the topic on f oreign branding, country of origin and customer ethnocentrism have explored in order to be fully prepared for the presentation of the topic. In both the presentations of week 7B and 8A, the arguments related to the topic have used to expand the topic under the hypothetical framework. The examples related to the industry of the domestic market have been used to support the theoretical framework.

Activity-Based Costing vs Traditional Costing Essay

Activity-Based Costing vs Traditional Costing - Essay ExampleThe different difference between the two methods is that activity base embodying is accurate because it accounts for significant issues before it allocates cost to a given product. Contra wise the traditional costing is not accurate because it only considers specific products.Activity based costing demonstrates the cost of a product cross-subsidization challenge in cases where some products be are high and also when other products costs are lower as compared to the traditional method produced costing. The rudiment regularly demonstrates that other products cost are highly costed while others are under coasted, hence resulting in crossover subsidization.Activity based is used to progress profitability through analyzing first the clients demand products, customers may require brusk or considerable support. Therefore, ABC helps in determining different amounts of customers activities be supported, and their costs for each client benefit and, as a result, deciding customers profitability. However, the customers benefit is located after the consideration of the customers support. Some of the ABC disadvantages are that implementation is expensive and time-consuming to establish ABC system. The system requires more resources like software that could be costly and consultants with the necessary expertise. The other disadvantage is data misinterpretation due to challenges in interpreting ABC data with often accounting information, which can be at times tricky, regarding decision-making.

RESEARCH PARAGRAPHS ASSIGNMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

RESEARCH PARAGRAPHS ASSIGNMENT - Essay ExampleFurther, technology is more and more playing a more significant role in the mental strain hose industry, with digital ticketing slowly winning shape, and replacing the manual ticketing, owing to the convenience associated with the airline clients obtaining their tickets online, as opposed to queuing for ticket booking (Mouawad, n.p.). another(prenominal) emerging trend that is shaking up the manner in which business is run in the airline industry is the emergence of aircraft leasing tendencies by the airlines, as opposed to the traditional tendencies of the airlines running own-purchased aircrafts (CAPA, n.p.). This trend points to a bare-ass make up reduction strategy by the airline industry, which seeks to avoid the initial huge costs associated with aircraft purchase, thence reducing the fixed costs and the costs of investments, while making variable costs the major cost to be accounted for. This move has served to increase prof itability in the airline industry.CAPA. CAPA Global Aviation Industry lookout 2013 - Pursuing certainty in an uncertain world - Part 2, 2013. Retrieved February 3, 2014 from http//centreforaviation.com/analysis/capa-global-aviation-industry-outlook-2013---pursuing-certainty-in-an-uncertain-world---part-2-104436Karp, Gregory. Airlines plans for 2013 up in the air. The Chicago Tribune, December 30, 2012. Retrieved February 3, 2014 from http//articles.chicagotribune.com/2012-12-30/business/ct-biz-1230-outlook-airlines-20121230_1_consumer-travel-alliance-airline-fees-rick-seaneyCommunication is an essential factor within an organization, which has a huge stance on the performance and competitiveness of the organization in the market. However, poor writing skills have been observed to keep the smooth flow of information within many organizations, since it is known to cause miscommunication, due to the inability of the recipients of ailing written communication

Political Science Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 9

Political Science - Assignment ExampleDeath penalty should be abolished imputable to a number of reasons. First, capital punishment does not prevent crime effectively. It lacks the restraining effect that is always alluded to by its proponents (Donohue III & Wolfers, 2006). Secondly, death penalty is against human rights. It violates the most basic human right, the right to life and and then undermining human dignity. Thirdly, by advocating for death penalty, a body politic risks killing innocent citizens. Also, capital punishment is by and large applied randomly and this can be a cause of innocent people being put to death (Schabas, 2012). There have been cases where individuals have been executed wrongly whereby the injustice cannot be ratified at whatsoever cost. Lastly, death sentence is against most religions and is therefore regarded as immoral.In my opinion, judges should decide the factual issues most whether to impose the death penalty or not to. This is because unlike in the jury case, one does not give opening statements. Secondly, one does not deposit jury payment to the court. Lastly, a judge is in all likelihood to ignore any evidence presented to him or her from the prosecutor. Normally, in a jury case the evidence is objected to by the acting attorney (Zimring, 2008). In brief, death penalty should be completely abolished globally and no state should be allowed to practise

The Digital Forensics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Digital Forensics - Research Paper ExampleA distributed earnings can be on a broad scale and may involve many enterprise computer profits. Likewise, the currently installed mesh security controls be bypassed by the worm because distributed traffic anomaly is obscure and small to detect. However, combining with quadruple small data packets can impose a significant impact, as they all share the equivalent frequency and domain that is already happening in the current scenario. For this reason, a method for detecting threats originating from the distributed internet was introduced by (Zonglin, Guangmin, Xingmiao, & Dan, 2009). The methodology includes a perception of patterns of the distributed intercommunicate along with cyberspace-wide correlation abridgment of instantaneous parameters, incorrect space blood and instantaneous amplitude and instantaneous frequency. In the current scenario, network administrators can halt instantaneous amplitude and instantaneous frequ ency, which is a part of this model, of network transmission signals can invade network un cognize patterns and categorize them into frequency and time domains separately. Moreover, they can also deploy an anomalous space extraction methodology that is based on network transmission predictions. This methodology will facilitate network administrators to pop off the boundaries of PCA based methods that are already failed to provide strong correlations. Furthermore, the third component that is a network-wide correlation analysis of amplitude and frequency can discover overall network transmission originating from distributed networks, as the current controls are only sensing them in a small amount or quantity. After determining the aim source of the unknown worm, the next challenge is to analyze the infected nodes within the network. It is obvious that without a narrow down tool, it is a daunting or almost impossible task to detect anomalies on low levels i.e. network ports. There i s a destiny of pinpointing unknown threat activities within the network, for this purpose, a powerful tool is known as Wire shark will serve the purpose. Wire shark is a freeware tool that analyzes network packets and processes them for illustrating detailed contents of the packets (Scalisi, 2010). Moreover, the tool contains numerous features that can facilitate the threat detection process. The first spirit that a network administrator will take is to identify the type of traffic or ports that require to be targeted. The second step is to start capturing packets on all ports of all the switches (Scalisi, 2010). However, there is a requirement of modifying port numbers. As per the current scenario, all the network ports will be scanned including the Simple Mail take Protocol (SMTP) port. The tool has a feature of only scanning specific ports that need to be targeted. However, in a corporate network environment that will not be possible, as an Intrusion detection system (IDS) an d Firewalls may conflict with the tool. Moreover, different subnets on the network will also require complex and time-consuming configurations. Furthermore, the network administrator can always set the time limit for capturing specific network port data.

ABORTION AND EUTHANASIA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

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Financial securities Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Financial securities - Research base ExampleGiven 100,000 dollars, it is important to make a ending on the right investment decision so as to make the maximum possible profits from the investment. One can choose from a number of securities which ar classified into m adepty market securities, capital market securities or derivative securities (Atack and Larry, Pg. 76). bills market securities are those securities that facilitate the sale of short terminal debt securities. They have a maturity of one year or less.Capital securities on the opposite hand facilitate the sale of long term securities such as bonds, mortgages, stocks and mortgage backed securities. Bonds are takingss by the treasury or by the presidential term agencies (Madura, Pg. 163). They can also be issued by corporations which want to raise funds to expand their operations. Mortgages on the other hand are obligations that are created with the aim of purchasing real estate, while mortgage backed securities are t hose debt obligations that represent claims on a package of mortgages. Finally, stocks are documents that warrant partial ownership in corporations that issue them (Bhole, Pg. 46). The returns of these securities are influenced by the interest rates prevailing in the economy at particular times. The surgery of the various corporations will also influence the returns of these securities (Madura, Pg. 249). When the performance of the corporation is high, the rate of returns will also be high and it will be worth investing in them.Derivative securities are financial contracts whose determine are derived from the values of the underlying assets. They could be for the purpose of speculation or risk management and hedging. An investor is qualified to speculate on the movement of prices of assets without necessarily buying the assets (Madura, Pg. 341). These securities also help in adjusting the risk of their subsisting investments in securities.With the 100,000 dollars, one should inv est in securities with the least

Should Welfare Recipients be Drug Tested to Receive Government Aid Research Paper

Should Welfare Recipients be Drug Tested to chance Government Aid - Research Paper ExampleThose in can of drug testing the raft on public assistance emphasize on the efficient use of taxpayer money and that saving money, that is differently deemed to have been used for illicit drug activity, would help in tight state budgets. Edward Buchanan, a republican speaker of the Wyoming house said, The idea from Joe Taxpayer is, I dont mind helping you discover, but you accept to show that youre looking for work, or better yet that youre employed, and that youre drug and alcohol-free. (The modern York Times, 2012). This is as simple as it gets. The state will test you for drugs before you qualify to receive the compensation. To support the point, Garth Everett, a Republic who defended drug testing legislation said that concern for drug test grew out of bitterness that the workers in many industries are tested for drugs several times, whereas welfare recipients are never face to any s uch tests despite a high possibility of drug abuse. thusly their point is that the organisation may require drug tests from the recipients of the compensation just to ensure that they are not involved in any illegal activity and utilize their funds responsibly. According to them, this shouldnt be contrary to the rule and constitution as a government can be seen as an employer of welfare recipients in this result (Hall, 2012).On the other hand, those against the proposal have tried to make their point on the basis of statistical evidence and conclusions drawn therefrom. They argue that the rule to drug test these innocent patients is not in compliance with the US constitution as it makes an unreasonable assumption about the welfare recipients to be drug abusers. Therefore testing these unfortunate citizens for drug abuse would amount to an unconstitutional search of people who sought help. This could to a fault jeopardize the main purpose of this good cause. W. Patrick Goggles, a Democratstate representative said, This legislation assumes perplexity on this group of people, it assumes that theyre drug abusers.

Models of Segregation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Models of Segregation - Essay ExampleThat is, he observes the happenings in the human habitations and forms an idea most it, in his mind. And from the mind only, the idea flows out and transcribes into the create verbally script. And, this paper will review nonpareil of the written scripts of Thomas C. Schelling called Model of Segregation.The main thesis of the paper as the title itself suggests is segregation, or if a undecomposable word is used, separation. Both the words give wide range of meanings, which can be used on various occasions. But, segregation and separation will be normally used or set into motion, when a set of visible and invisible factors push an individual or a group to leave their modern locations, where they were minority. That is, these factor, which pushes the individual from his/her place, is the same in most places, with little variation according to the situations. There is segregation by sex, age, income, language, color, taste, comparative advantage and the accidents of historical location. (Schelling 488). So, in the first page itself, the author sets the agenda of the paper by concentrating on one of the factors that is causing segregation.According to Schelling, the main issues which cause the movement of individual or groups from one set up to another, through the mode of segregation is the individuals personal behavior and choices. That is, severally person will have a thought process which will be unique to him/her, and which power have got evolved in different settings. So, based mainly on that thought process, an individual will determine his/her racial leanings. But the problem will arise when that individual would form an opinion and, in nigh cases it could in a discriminatory form. Discriminatory in the sense some individuals would form an opinion and decide other individuals only on the basis of religion, status, education, race etc. This is a very undesirable issue to do and is fraught with danger.The transpo sition of individuals could not be stopped and the

Educational Tour Essay Example for Free

Educational Tour essayEducational Tour gives us ideas likewise opportunities to visit prestigious agencies that may help us stick out what we are learning at school. This activity helps us develop our personality since social graces and etiquette are intentional too by experience. Moreover, important to every student since it is a part of our learning process to earn more knowledge through actual exposure to the different agencies. Narrative Report On July 4,2013 ,the talent of piece Citi Colleges held an educational tour for the Bachelor of Science and Tourism Management students. The locations are the Cultural decoct of the Philippines, Resort World Manila and Island Cove. July 4, 2013, the day when I score to wake up early because it should be a big No for rush and the call cartridge clip is 600 to 630. I have to commute to go to our school. It is virtually 500 in the morning when I left my house and started to clutches a jeep in waiting area going to Cubao. Sadly, I wait for 15 transactions just to ride in a jeep. When I rode a jeep, I paid going to Anonas and dropped to our school. When I got there, I saw my classmates and we went to Bus no. 3.While waiting for others, I and my classmates sit in the sluggish sit . We started to travel around 700 but of course we pray scratch line for a safety trip. subsequently the pray, here it goes We already started talking, laughing, picture winning and of course we cooperate in our tour take aim to answer some questions and he gives some rules. We arrived at Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP). Our tour guide in CCP gives us knowledge about the history of the Cultural Center of the Philippines and about some Arts that in the place who made it and why he/she made it.I recognized some of my classmates didnt perceive to our tour guide while some of us listening. He showed us the theater. He said, I didnt showed this to some groups but because youre listening I will show you the theater. We we re in at a dark place and I saw the theater. Its so big Its my first time to see a big theater. afterward that, we continued the tour again and of course we take pictures. afterward the CCP, we went again to our heap.We arrived at the Resort World but before we go out on a bus, a tour guide in Resort World showed and gave us some of the rules. We gave our share data to get a member card. He said that only 29 students will get the member card on a day of our tour. Luckily, I got it. After that, we toured in the resort world. Actually, thats my first time to go to a luxury mall. We entered to a theater and then they showed us the rooms in hotel. We played games in Game zoo. They gave us a Game zoo Card for free play. After we played, we bought our lunch in Mc Donald.Then, we went back to our bus and ate the lunch while moving the bus going to Island Cove. We arrived at Island Cove which was our last destination. We walked in a bridge. There, we have a seminar with other branch of World Citi Colleges Caloo asshole, Antipolo and Cubao. The seminar started. I learned many things about Tourism and of course being a tourist guide. After the seminar, we toured around the island cove. We saw a swimming pool and some slides. Too bad, we didnt know that we can bring some clothes so we can swim.Because of that, we just took some pictures and toured the place. When we got tired, we went back to our bus. I and my classmates were talking, laughing, and taking pictures. Then all my classmates were got in the bus so we were going back to school. We left the Island Cove around 500 pm and arrived at the school at 800 pm because of the traffic. I got home safely around 900. The tour for me is great I learn many things that I will I confide we have a tour again in a great place and an educational.

Nitrophenol Essay Example for Free

Nitrophenol EssayAbstract Using a micro scale steamer distillment we confused ortho and para-nitrophenol from a mixture that was already made. After the para and ortho were separated we measured their melting bespeaks and comp atomic number 18d it to the literature values for purity. For ortho-nitrophenol we had 60% recovery and for para 160% recovery. Our melting point ranges were ortho 45-46C and para 64-95C.IntroductionNitration In phenols, -OH group strongly activates the ring system. As a result, phenols are susceptible to oxidation in the presence of concentrated nitric acid (HNO3). Thus, nitration of phenols is carried out with dilute nitric acid and results in the formation of o-nitrophenol and p-nitrophenol. The o-nitrophenol is steam volatile and the mixture of o-nitrophenol and p-nitrophenol is separated by steam distillation, in our case using micro scale measurements for safety and fourth dimension consumption purposes.(Electrophilic aromatic substitution) We u sed steam distillation because we are distilling under 100C above 100C is H2O. Looking at the volatility of o-nitrophenol compared to p-nitrophenol, the p-nitrophenol has intermolecular hydrogen bonding and it occurs due to a large number of molecules are associated together. This draw in the p-isomer makes it less volatile. However in o-nitrophenol, intramolecular hydrogen bonding occurs and thus, it exists in a monomolecular present making it more volatile.Results/Discussion Using a sand bath for transferring of heat through the distillation which was sitting on a zesty plate. Using a small round toilet flask which was attached to Hickmans distillation head and then we attached water through the openings. Using 1.00g of the ready mixture we placed it in the round bottom flask along with 1.00mL of ethanol and then modify it almost 2/3 with water. We added a magnetic spin-vane to the flask as well. We collected the yellow ductile ortho-isomer from groove in Hickmans distill ation head using a Pasteur pipette.We made sure that the solids did non accumulate as this would clog the condenser. If it did we would just turn off the cold water momentarily and the hot vapor would melt the solid. The distillation took about 45 minutes and even though this was the specified time period for distilling the mixture, we felt as though much of the ortho-isomer was left in the small round bottom flask along with the para-isomer and the spin valve. In order to characterize the 2- and 4-nitrophenols, we need to determine their melting points. We compared our results to those in the literature.Data*some ortho solidified in the Pasteur pipette so there might arise a percent error from this as some ortho was left in there. *we assumed that the starting mixture was about 50% each of o- and p-nitrophenol.

The Impact of Anarchy Essay Example for Free

The impingement of Anarchy EssayAnarchy is found in all societies to some certain degree. The sound of such may not seem to be as delightful as that of governmental successes in account, just now digging deeper on such, shall open a whole wide range of arguments brought by anarchy in the field of history (Black, 1980).As a philosophical term, the definition of anarchy is most likely exposit as an opposing origin of arche which does not mean opposing the political leader. It significantly comes to mean the principles of element, unequivocal power, sovereignty, dominion, command, authority then leading on to an empire, a realm, magistracy, a governmental office, at that (Weir, 1997). The exact nub of the word which is normally being collaborated with the word opposing had then evolved through time that it has continuously sedulous improper and confusing usage. Men of culture always tend to have something in common. The transformation of nightspot had been blatantly felt during the French Revolution that the European society is remade using a new dumbfound of political models and thus having the modern-nation states start to emerge, so as with national cultures (Weir, 1997). Supposedly, not on a mass but totality proposal, culture was not to be divisible but such counter-movements during that era floated up in the scene. For the reason of such scenario, it is precisely fit to assume that politics is intrinsically anarchic disposed(p) the accompaniment that it has the potential to separate and divide populations along ideological lines. Moreover, democratic politics is also considered as the most divisive force of all, having the tendency to produce individuals wherein such primary culture may be compensated in allegiance to them (Lilly, Cullen, Ball, 2006).The unfortunate factors of such circumstance are the losses it takes under the viscidness of the culture. On the other hand, the brotherly disintegration on culture caused by wrought of po litics may lead to weaving disparate individuals together again, forming an alliance of which adheres with a common thought that they have (Weir, 1997). In a form of integration for a common sensibility the affirmation of anarchism being practiced by such considered politicians and thus perceived as a threat of social disorder is countered in the scheme of culture by all right and tear down culture itself is as a matter of fact no longer the universalizing force outside of history humankind suppose it to be (Rueschemeyer, 1978). The behavior of fairness constituting all the massive forces of political power, by all means also convey the act of anarchism. Considerably, the unpolluted illustration of Donald Black with regards to such also gave a couple of relevance in displaying the classic cookery of laws. Its comprehensive explanatory theory of the law revolved around governmental social control, margin of stratification, proofs of differentiation, social distance specifications , and periphery of social life location, culture symbols, compositional management techniques and non-legal social control incidences (Black, 1980). The interpretation of all fields of law had been divulged on to the role and the impact made by anarchy. He announces the study phenomena of anarchy as one which are treated as variables in the quantitative state. Significantly noting such as to a social life without law, hence, that the earlier societies were measured in banishment, beating to ridicule and even teasing.He even cited the point of dictatorship as one which tends to surrender their usual liberties for the strength of the organization (Lilly et al., 2006). All of which he tantamount its capacity and capability to explain other kinds of social control on how it is specifies the conditions of anarchy-social life without law by implication basis. Theories ought to lay a couple of explanations so as to exist how a phenomenon had shrugged a state, or a government (Weir, 199 7). In conclusion, the impacts of anarchy defy explanatory implications which go around around culture and society and now pave a forceful supremacy in the cloud of politics in historical precessions.ReferencesBlack, D. (1980). The Behavior of Law (2Rev Ed ed.). San Diego CA Academic Press.Lilly, J. R., Cullen, F. T., Ball, R. A. (2006). Criminological scheme Context and Consequences (Fourth Edition ed.). Los Angeles Sage Publications, Inc.Rueschemeyer, D. (1978). The Behavior of Law. by Donald Black. The American Journal of Sociology, 83(4), 1040-1042.Weir, D. (1997). Anarchy Culture The esthetic Politics of Modernism. Amherst Mass. University of Massachusetts Press.

Ethanol Fuel Essay Example for Free

Ethanol Fuel EssayEthanol is regarded as an attractive(a) alternative to gasoline and other fossil raise-based automotive zip sources because they can assist in coating dependence on foreign-based oil imports, a dependence which reaches 140 billion gallons a year in the United States alone.Gal Luft, a director of the Institute for the Analysis of Global Security, asserts that oil dependence is problematic non further for economic reasons, but for political ones as well, maintaining that the relationship between the United States and the oil-producing Muslim people states is strained at best (as well as noting that this political tension is probably of greater fretfulness than any purported political instability are said to plague these oil-producing nations. )As such, oil dependency constitutes a political liability. Furthermore, geologists have argued that oil prices are not going to get any better, what with the increasing be of drilling current oil reserves, and ferm entation alcohol is therefore an economically sound alternative.However, ethanol is not without its critics. Critics heyday that the ethanol boom in the United States, which relies primarily on corn for feedstock has resulted in dramatic increases in diet prices (and it is worth noting that many non-corn based food commodities utilize corn syrup). Farmers have begun to see the ethanol boom as lucrative incentive for corn production, which in its most positive sense has embossed their incomes and given new hope to flagging rural economies.This translates to a diversion of grain-based agriculture towards fuel production, portentous dramatic impacts upon the costs of maintaining food supply for both the worlds hungry and the worlds well fed. Grunwald maintains that the grain it takes to fill an SUV tank could feed a person for a year.Furthermore, research presents that the quick expansion of corn agriculture to feed the ethanol boom holds environmental consequences. Environmental journalist Richard Manning charges that industrialized agriculture is detrimental to soil fertility.Mindy Lubber concurs, maintaining that massive land conversion of lands towards the production of corn could resuscitate the conditions of The Great Dust Bowl, a period in the American heartland which saw hundreds of thousands of would-be wheat farmers cut through the soil to death to profit from golden grain.However, ethanol proponents are careful to remind us that it is as well a renewable fuel source. Because it is derived from grain and other starch crops, and whitethorn also be obtained from cellulosic biomass such as crop residue, sugar cane bagasse and old newspapers, it is essentially a sustainable resource up to now production is concerned. Additionally, its energy emf, while being significantly less than that of gasoline, is endowed with a full(prenominal) octane take that gives it the power that is crucial to the operation of broad(prenominal) compression engines su ch as those found in high performance automobiles.Furthermore, Khosla argues that the trajectory of ethanol development will result in continuously increasing potential for energy density and engine efficiency that would rival that of gasoline. While opponents of corn-based ethanol have charged that the energy yield barely exceeds the amount of energy used in its production, developments in cellulose-based ethanol have been promising, which may lead to a future in which the biomass and waste of any municipality could be used for ethanol production.beyond the direct effects on corn prices, the corn-based ethanol boom also affects the price of various food commodities. Grunwald notes that the soybean market is affect to such an extent as to jack up the price of soybeans.Also, increase production of sugarcane-based ethanol, combined with sugar quotas in the U.S. ensure that domestic prices of sugar continue to inflate. As such, producers of high fructose corn syrup such as the agribusi ness giant Archer Daniels Midland benefits in a situation where the price demand for high fructose corn syrup remains inelastic, just because they are able to charge more for without fearing that sweetener-dependent companies will retaliate by switching to sugar.Even the price of a Starbucks latte is not immune to the effects of the corn-based ethanol boom, as diversion of crop grown to fuel production takes it away from the mouths of dairy cattle.Furthermore, the demand for ethanol has effects that reach as far as the Amazon rainforest, where the resulting expansion is leading to its deforestation. This is an overwhelmingly negative development as the rainforest is a exceedingly biodiverse region. Grunwald reports that scientists believe that this could essentially visit the Amazon to a savanna, or worse, a desert.Ethanol is not just an alternative fuel, but a complex distillation of political, economic and environmental issues. As such, it is difficult to reduce it to a simple either/or issue, let alone endorse it wholeheartedly as the liquid bullet that will solve problems of climate change and fossil fuel dependency.

Nursing Research Utilization Project Essay Example for Free

consider for Research Utilization dispatch EssayPlans to Decide the Future of Your SolutionThis evidence-based practice method leave alone be implemented as a proposed solution to decreasing heart disaster (HF) readmission rank. Transitional anguish activities assure wellness disquiet continuity, reduce risk of poor health push throughcomes, and facilitate safe ship between levels of care or health care settings (Naylor et al., 2011).Methods and ad hoc Plans to Maintain a Successful Project Solution Methods and Specific Plans to Extend a Successful Project SolutionThis suggestion depart be implemented as a pilot course of study between the Heart Hospital and the Norfolk branch of the dental plate care dresser. If this transitional care course of instruction is successful in reducing HF readmission rates, additional sites will be given the opportunity to participate. Preference will be given to those agency locations that have a large HF population served by t he Heart Hospital. The project team will reach out to the branch administration and clinical educators to share broadcast details and current data related to readmission rates as a result of program carrying into action. The team will also assess whether this program proposal is feasible at other infirmarys within the health system.The team will gather input from hospital administrators and the informatics department to decide which hospitals would be surmount suited to pilot this program. In addition, there must(prenominal) be a home health agency that is part of the system located within 25 miles of the hospital. The end goal of this proposal is to achieve system wide implementation of the transitional care program at all 12 acute care facilities and 19 home health branches in Virginia.Methods and Specific Plans to Revise an Unsuccessful Project SolutionOngoing monitoring of the transitional care program for HF readmissions will be performed by the representatives of the hospit al and home health agency. On the hospital side, a clinical nurse specialist on the cardiac unit and a program analyst will ensure that referrals are made to appropriate patients and discharge intends include the transitional care activities. On the home health side, the Norfolk branch team leader, clinical informaticist, and information technology data specialist will monitor program operations. This team will collaborate closely to ensure that program implementation is successful. If the program is not tractable the expected outcomes then a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis will be performed.All barriers identified will be addressed in a timely manner and changes may be made to the initial plan to promote success. In addition, staff and patients will be surveyed to ascertain challenges not readily apparent to the implementation team. These surveys will be designed and extraditeed by the clinical education department for the hospital and home heal th agency. The timeframe for conducting patient surveys will occur within seven days of admission into the program and then either 60 days. Since patients will need to be reassessed every 60 days for continuation of home health services, it is feasible to conduct the transitional care program survey concurrently.The team reserves the right to conduct additional patient surveys if a patient is readmitted to the hospital at any time during program confederacy or opts out of the transitional care program. Staff at the hospital and home health agency will be surveyed 90 days from their training date on the transitional care program and then every six months. Results of these surveys will be shared with the project team implementation coordinators during the periodical team meeting. Methods and Specific Plans to Terminate an Unsuccessful Project Solution Specific Plans for Feedback in the Work cathode-ray oscilloscope and for Communicating the Project and its Results to Professional Groups External to the Project ConclusionDespite its high prevalence, HF care is often fragmented and uncoordinated. The transitional care program proposed by the team seeks to address these gaps in care and to reduce HF readmission rates.Discussion QuestionsReferencesMelnyk, B.M., Fineout-Overholt, E. (2011). Evidence-based practice in nursing healthcare A guide to best practices. (2nd ed.). Philadelphia, PA Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Retrieved from University of Phoenix eBooks. Russell, D., Rosati, R.J., Sobolewski, S., Marren, J., Rosenfeld, P. (2011). Implementing a transitional care program for high-risk heart failure patients Findings from a community- based partnership between a certified home healthcare agency and regional hospital. Journal for Healthcare Quality, 33(6), 17-24. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.

The advantages and disadvantages Essay Example for Free

The advantages and disadvantages EssayThe difference it for collar make is that it volition non entertain colour and will only be in black writing. It is good for beginners to practice typing. You faeces non put in pictures or borders. It pretends genuinely little memory. It is non a good application for professionals. Microsoft ingress Open Office Base It is the kindred but the steps of doing things be tot altogethery disparate. It is really immediate and reliable. It is r be so if you subscribe to help and so you ar less interchangeablely to get help. If I utilize it whence(prenominal) I force break through do my reverse quick beca employment it is very easy to use. It is quasi(prenominal) to Microsoft Access so it is easy to use. It has much less features than Microsoft Access.It is easy and straight forward. It takes up a consider of memory. Microsoft Internet adventurer 6 Mozilla Firefox It works almost the same but it is faster. Mozilla Firefox is faster than Microsoft Internet Explorer 7. It takes quite a bit of time to download from internet. The difference it will make if I utilize it is that I will be safer on the web. It is good because it has security which stops viruses and hackers. You construct to pay for it because it does non come free. You toilette get in doion, play games and email really fast. It is a bit advanced so it may be lumbering to use for some users. Paint Adobe Photoshop It works almost the same as paint.You be able to change the colour of the picture. The fancys take up a lot of hard disk memory. The difference it will make is that I will be able to draw to a greater extent accurate images than paint. It has more options and tools than paint. It does not come with the computer you will have to buy it. You can as well make changes in photos etc. It is a bit hard to use, so experienced people can use it. Microsoft Word Microsoft Access Microsoft Internet Explorer 6 Paint Input An input cra ft is that hardw atomic number 18 which allows you to put entropy into the computer. The main input devices I have used atomic number 18 keyboard, common mackerel and scanner.Device Speed Errors that can be made Way to slide down errors Keyboard The keyboard does not have a set amount of speed it all depends how fast the typist is typing. The speed is calculated in Words Per handsome (WPM). The errors which can be made are that you can type in a word by mistake or do temporary hookuping mistakes. If you have typed a word wrong so you have to press back space or if it is a spelling mistake thusce put the spell sum up on which underlines the mistake in red. It because gives you a list of words to excoriate to. common mackerel The speed of the mouse actually depends on how fast you move the mouse.You may click on exposure which you did not want to press. You have to press back or if t has opened an application then exit it. Scanner The speed of the scanner depends on how powerful the scanner is. The more powerful the faster. up-to-the-minute models will have more power. You might want to see what goes on in scanner and will lift the lid up. You have to wait till the scanning finishes then you have to repeat it all over again. Keyboard The government agency I detected my errors is that I checked my work twice. The focusing I change by r foreversal my errors is that I clicked the underlined words and chose a suitable word from the list.Spelling mistakes are underlined in red handle this and grammatical mistakes are underlined in green like this. If in that respect was none suitable then I would re-type the even up word. There aft(prenominal) I gave it to friend for proof reading. Mouse The agency I detected the errors is that when I went on an unwanted page. The way I corrected it is that I simply went back. To prevent such errors I done my work slowly. If I was on the internet and I made a mistake then I would click the button called BACK wh ich is on the top go away corner. Scanner After the image was been scanned, I checked if there were whatsoever mistakes in the digital image.If there were any then I restarted the scanning. The way I prevented these errors was that before scanning I made sure that the page was the right way round and having no creases on the topic. Effects of Inaccurate Data Inaccurate selective information will partake the system by mainly consuming time and causing problems for customers. Data Effect Way it can be prevented Name spelt incorrectly If the name is spelt incorrectly then when the tickets reach the mortal and the name does not match the name on the passport then the person can not go abroad. The way it can be prevented is that tell the customer to repeat it twice. excessively tell the customer to say it in thinktics. And lastly, confirm before putting the phone down. Address not correct, such as postcode If the address or the postcode is not correct then letters may not reach th e person and go elsewhere. The way it can be prevented is that tell the customer to repeat it twice. too confirm before putting the phone down. For the postcode I shall also keep an input dissemble which is LL0 0LL. Recommendations not checked correctly If the recommendation is not checked correctly then customers may not get the offers which they have the right to get.The way it can be prevented is that make sure that the recommendation is there and recheck it at a later stage. Gender not entered correctly If the gender is not entered correctly then a staff could put a customer to shame if it is said wrong over the phone. The way it can be prevented is that tell the customer to repeat it twice. Also confirm before putting the phone down. Also I will make sure that nothing other than male or feminine is entered into the gender. I will do this by entering a validation rule and validation text.This kernel that every time something is typed wrong in that field than it will not be v alid and then a message will come up say what to do. Date of yield not entered in correct format If the date of fork over of expect is not entered in the correct format then part of the database could go wrong and it would also cause problems to the customers if it is in the wrong format on tickets and letters. The way it can be prevented is that keep a strict format that all the staff could stick to. Also recheck if it is entered according to the format. And if talking to the customer over the phone then ask which format it is.For modeling DD/MM/YY or MM/DD/YY or YY/DD/MM. I have also thought of having a set format for the date of birth. To maintain this I shall have an input mask which is 00/00/00000 Subscriptions not entered in correct format If the subscription is not entered in the correct format then the subscription could go on and on for ever if the expiry date is not entered correctly. The way it can be prevented is that recheck if the date is there and it is entered co rrectly with the correct format. For this also I will have a set format and to maintain this I will an input mask which is 00/00/0000 0I think that the overall dress hat regularity of checking the accuracy of the data is that it is rechecked and confirmed. Also I would prefer having an input mask where possible in places like date of birth and post code. Validation It is very important that you have correct and accurate data or else this could get hold of to many major problems. Validation is a very good way to ensure that you have the correct data. Validation is when the computer itself automatically checks the work and makes sure that the data entered is reasonable but it does not check the accuracy.The main aim of validation is that it makes sure that the data entered is reasonable, allowable and sensible. For character if you typed in the date of birth of a secondary school student then it is likely to be between 1988 and 1995. If 1955 was entered then it would in spades be wrong and the computer will not accept. This is making sure that the data is reasonable. If Sams date of birth is 1992 and 1989 was typed then it will be still accepted but the data is not true. This is not checking the accuracy of the data. The following are a few orders of validation 1.Presence check This checks that data has been entered into a field. An example of this method is * In most databases a key field can not be left empty. 2. Check digit The last one or two digits in a code are used to check if all the other digits are correct. An example of this method is In shops and super markets, barcode readers use check digits. 3. Type check This checks that of a certain type is entered into a field. An example of this method is In a clothes shop, dress surfaces may range from 8 to 18. For this type of data, a number data type would be suitable.If the data type is set as number then only poem could be entered and a person will be prevented form typing in letters and words. If size ten or eleven was entered, then it would be rejected and 10 or 11 would need to be entered. 4. Format check This checks if data is in the correct format. An example of this method is A subject Insurance number is in the form LL 99 99 99 L. In which L is any letter and9 is any number. 5. Spell check This looks up words in a dictionary. An example of this method is When word processing. 6. Length check This checks that the data entered is not too long or too short.An example of this method is A password which needs to be six characters long. 7. Range check This checks that a encourage fall within the specified range. An example of this method is Number of hours worked must be no more than 50 hours and more than 0 hours. 8. Look up table This looks up acceptable values in a table. An example of this method is There are only seven possible days in a week. Verification Verification is to check if the data meets the inevitable standards. For example if a password is holdd, then you have to verify by typing it a second time to see if they both match.If the passwords did not match each other then the computer does not allow him to go through because the required standard is that the passwords must match each other and must be typed in correctly. The following are a few methods of verification 1. Re-typing the data Re-typing the data could get rid of a lot of mistakes. This method is only ideal for small amounts of data such as passwords. However, also in small amounts of data there is also a problem which is that the mistake could be tell in the second break up of data and this does not pick up the mistake.The reason why it is not ideal for large amounts of data is for three main reasons. They are as follows You would end up with two copies of the data Mistakes which are repeated will not get picked up. It would be time consuming to re-type large amounts of data. 2. Checking the data on the book binding with the received paper document This method saves having to re-type the data. It can help where in data has been transposed or entered incorrectly. However, it is not easy and can get tough trying to move your eyes back and forwards paper copy and admonisher. 3. Printing out a copy of the data and then comparing it with the original copy.This is probably the easiest method because you bath copies side by side and you can check for mistakes. However, this method can also become time consuming if large amounts of data have to be checked. Also if you go too quick the mistakes could be left. Output Output device allow you to view information after it has been processed. Device Type The way it works Advantages Disadvantages Best place to use it Printer Laser In laser printers powdered ink is fused on to paper by heat and pressure. They use toners preferably of cartridges. They produce a very high quality of output. Laser printers are very expensive to buy.The outflank place to us it is in a library or any study area because they are very quiet and fast. Laser printers are very quiet and do not disturb. Toners are used instead of cartridges this means that there may be extra costs. Hundreds of pages could be printed within an hour. They are very huge so if there are any breakdowns then repairs could be very costly. Inkjet Inkjet printers work by heating ink as it flows through small nozzles. It then creates a dot on the paper and keeps happening until a picture forms. Ink is stored in cartridges. It is quite fast but not faster than Laser printers. The quality of colour printing is very low.The best place to use it is in your dramatics because it is cheap and it is worth the price. Print outs are very neat compared to other print outs. Print out may come out wet and this may smudge. Nozzles are much cheaper than toners. Inkjet printers are very noisy. Dot-matrix Dot-matrix printers work by using a set of steel pins which strike an inked ribbon onto paper producing a while of dots. Dot-matrix printers are chea p to buy. They are very noisy and disturbing. The best place to use it would be something like a factory because they make a lot of noise and in a factory printers are used very less.It is very cheap to operate. They are very slow and take ages. They are not very hard to use. You can not make colour copies. Monitor TFT Thousands of tiny dots called pixels are displayed which then create an image. TFT monitors are very dilute and take up less space. TFT monitors are very slim and can easily get knocked over. The best place to use a TFT monitor would be in an office or an ICT room because It would be less stuffy and more nice and comfortable to use. They create very less heat in the room. They can produce dull and low quality images if the monitor is not good.TFT monitors are not made of glass so the top will not break. The screen can be damaged if it is poked many times. cathode-ray tube Thousands of tiny dots called pixels are displayed which then create an image. CRT monitors are big and hard to get knocked over. They create a lot of heat and it can get very stuffy in the room. The best place to use a CRT monitor would be in a nursery where there are lots of small children and the chances of getting damaged are very high as the children will be running about. CRT monitors They are very cheap. They take up too much space and they are less stylish.They are hard to be stolen because they are massive. CRT monitors can make a lot of noise. After looking at all the different types of input devices, my work has been affected greatly. I have also tried my best to use the best out of all the output devices in my task. Conclusion Most of the components and other things I used for my tasks were very suitable. For example, a CRT monitor can not be used in an office and a TFT would be the best.

Mobile phones Essay Example for Free

Mobile phones EssayIn this high-tech fast world, undeniably, mobile phones became an inevitable part of everybodys life without any age limit. Although, it has hemorrhoid of merits, in my point of view, the intense use of mobile phones among children may be discouraged because of its adverse impacts on them. To begin with, mobile phones have numerous benefits. Presently, it is not merely a simple device, which allows an easy connectivity between people. It is supporting a number of other programs such as calculators, alarm clocks, voice recorder and so on. these programs boost their academic performances, if they use it cleverly. For instance, alarm clocks in mobile phones are useful for them to woke up early in the morning or adjust the cartridge holder duration to write an essay. The easy availableness of parents and friends make water them comfortable and enable them to meet any emergency or unexpected conditions. Parents also leave alone be much relaxed, as they know their children are safe. On the other hand, these wonderful devices have disallow sides also. Most importantly, the radiations from these devices are harmful for their developing brains.Researches proved that, these radiations might lead to cancers. The destruction of studies is another motion of concern. The games in the mobile phones create additions to children. Chatting and telephonic conversations with anonymous people may result in insuperable impacts to their young minds. These contacts may indulge them in bad company and mafia especially drug and sex, vex their future. Furthermore, easy connectivity to internet attracts them to unhealthy web sites and their total character may change.Additionally, children can effortlessly slicker their parents by convincing a false. To illustrate, if they are enjoying a television program at his friends home, they can make to opine their parents that they are on the way to their tuition class. To conclude, mobile phones are beneficial devic es, if we use it sensibly. Children, as they are not mature to handle it effectively, it may leave drastic disadvantages on them. Hence, I believe that mobile phones are not favorable for children, especially if it is used uncontrolled without proper guidance and time limit.

The Banking Concept of Education Essay Example for Free

The Banking Concept of Education EssayStudents have mastered the attainment of memory. The ability to recall facts from class is the way to success in most forms of schooling. Memorization of vocabulary cards, command processing overhead notes, out businesss, and harvested concepts will lead to students expected achievement of A marks. Many educators and students do not know that this governing body of reading is not just ineffective, but it is harmful.Paulo Freire talks about the banking concept of education, explaining that students in this remains are receptacles that are to be filled with the content of the instructors narration. (Freire, 1) These receptacles are expected to regurgitate knowledge given in class, on tests, quizzes, and anything that requires an answer that is word for word what the teacher says. In a banking classroom, the teacher is the authority and the students are oppressed. Freire writes, The more students work at storing deposits entrusted to t hem, the less they develop the critical consciousness which would resultant role from their intervention in the world as transformers of that world. (Freire, 2).To escape this system of students striving to lose critical consciousness, Freire argues, and I agree that mutual humanization mustiness occur. Students and teachers must become partners in critical thinking. Freire argues that banking educational goals must be forgotten, and teachers should, replace it with the posing of the problems of human beings in their relations with the world. (Freire, 5)Problem posing education focuses on concepts that have praxis, practical application of theories or concepts learned through education. Students must be able to see that what they learn in the classroom can help them change the world. This realization enables them to learn in praxis. When students are given problems as opposed to only information, the process becomes less alter and more practical.When there is no right answer, st udents are pitted with the task of critical thinking, and praxis. The bottom line is that education should provide tools and practice in critical thinking for students, not absolute answers. I all agree with Freires argument in this chapter. In fact, I feel that it is one of the most meaningful pieces of educational literature that I have ever encountered.

Communispace Essay Example for Free

Communispace EssayCommunispace offers a unique process for administering market research. It offers a view into the minds of the customers of a brand by building brand-focused online communities in order to enable members to communicate with each other and fork up focus groups to discuss the product. A connection is reinforced as a coherent-term project it continues to unveil valuable information for companies over the course of its existence. The business model utilized by Communispace helps to provide facilitation and caution powered by technology and innovation. Communispace contrastingiates itself by focusing on the strategy of building online communities that act as an invaluable resource for testing ideas, generating feedback and exploring customers mindsets. Communispace can begin its outline within 24 hours of launching an online community as it reaches out to a particular subset of people that would be most interested in commenting on and speaking about a particul ar product. A Word of Mouth campaign utilizes a different strategy. A targeted community would receive the product in the mail and would then ideally spread sacred scripture around about the product to friends and neighbors.This campaign, while a beneficial tool for market research, was not a tool that Communispace utilized. There were many competitors that were better at this method. Simmons is a highly recognized FMCG company prop 20 brands that are found in over 95% of US households. Simmons wanted to promote its novel organic product for contractt conscious consumers via Communispace using word-of-mouth. The business problem being faced by Communispace was that it could not determine whether it would be undermining its strengths and strategy by taking this type of project or whether it would be detrimental to turn such an influential client bolt down.The case states the communities are built on the foundations of instinct of trust and the feeling that their contributions a re really making a difference for the company. Communispace built its business on a strategy that reached potential customers by building online communities and did not serve the purpose of receiving a save product and talking about it outside the community. As Julie Wittes Schlack, Senior Vice President of Innovation and name and a cofounder of Communispace points out in the case, the companys growth depended solely on its core competency.Moreover, callable to low entry to barrier into this particular arena of market research, there were many other competitors that had built their competitive advantage on doing word of mouth campaigns. So another problem that Communispace would be to weigh the options of benefits gained by entering into this WOM arena where they have no real advantage versus the damage they might chance by compromising on their core competency. In my opinion, Communispace should focus on the strategy that has defined them and not sacrifice their identity and co rporate strategy.From the success and expansion of Communispace it is clear that they have gotten their process for building communities down to a science, thus allowing companies to not only to listen, but learn. Flipping this model on its head not only would completely alter the process in which companies engage in with their community, but it would also make for a far less exact science in what Communispace does? Moreover, word of mouth is something that cant be manufactured to find success repeatedly, rather it should happen organically and not by force.Hence, making that a core competence for Communispace would prove exceedingly difficult because it is difficult to draw the valuation of a favored WOM and then repeatedly recreate its success. That is how would Communispace measure the effectiveness of the WOM campaigns? In the present scenario, they can provide their clients with reports and analysis on the conversations in the community, but how would they measure how effecti ve their members are outside the community?Though publicizing and creative marketing campaigns can spur word of mouth, a community approach would seem as a dishonest approach with a possibility of no results or backfiring on the credibility of the community. This, in turn would hamper the reputation that Communispace enjoys and might be detrimental to its social health in the long run as it would incite distrust amongst its community members which might lead to loss of present clients.The fierce competition that Communispace will face, the potential loss of credibility of community members when they understand that the community is only for advertizement and the short-lived nature of WOM campaigns, hence, the campaign-fuelled business can undermine the long-time subscription model are reasons that support the decision to bite to their core services and not digress into an arena that utilises a model that is completely dissimilar to Communispaces original one.

Expository Essay Essay Example for Free

Expository Essay EssayWhen Anatole France wrote to know is nothing at all last(predicate) to imagine is everything, he means conception is very important to life and success. For example, Dr. Seuss had a wild imagination and he was very victorious. Also, imagination led to many successful inventions. A world without imagination is analogous a world with nothing but old businessmen in work suits very boring.To begin, Dr. Seuss had a wildly active imagination. He wrote everything from Green Eggs and Ham, to Horton Hears a Who, and The Lorax. Similarly, all these stories have made up characters, animals, and even words. The way he wrote these stories godlike numerous kids to have active imaginations. Also, he has inspired much than just kids, even the directors of the drama club at Jackson Memorial High School were inspired by him. Hence, last year the high school did one giant play that combined intimately of his stories, and made it into a musical. All in all, Dr. Seuss i magination led to his extremely successful career.In addition, every invention, successful or failure needs imagination. For example, the Wright brothers had to have some imagination to be able to get to the first airplane. Although the first few attempts werent successful they never gave up. If it wasnt for them, there would be no such things as airplanes and we would have to travel to far places by boat or car. Another famed inventor was Steve Jobs. He invented and co-founded Apple computers. Although his first computers were exclusively terrible, he never gave up. Now, Apple is one of the lift out companies in the stock market and they just keep inventing new products. If Jobs never imagined about a completely new computer, there would be no such thing as an Iphone or Mac computers. In short, it is impossible not to have imagination when it comes to inventing something.To summarize, imagination is crucial to life and success. For example, Dr. Seuss was a very successful autho r for his imaginary worlds and characters. In addition, many inventors had very active imaginations, like the Wright brothers and Steve Jobs. If it wasnt for them, our lives would be more than difficult than it already is. In conclusion, the world without imaginationis just simply boring.